Maximising technology for global prosperity
Digitalisation profoundly impacts development, enhancing nations’ competitiveness and reducing unemployment, thereby combating poverty.
However, with over half the global population offline and more individuals accessing mobile devices than basic amenities like clean water, electricity, or sanitation, the digital divide remains a pressing concern. This gap exacerbates global inequality and hinders development progress.
Harnessing digital technology during emergencies and disasters is crucial for disseminating information. Moreover, it offers low-income and vulnerable populations easier access to essential services, humanitarian aid, and necessities like water, power, and healthcare.
Technology, innovation, and research are pivotal in the quest to eradicate poverty. While technological advancements have contributed to poverty reduction, institutional changes and governmental policies also play significant roles. Moreover, poverty alleviation fosters an environment conducive to technology adoption and innovation by enhancing human capital through improved health and education.
Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are recognised as powerful tools for socioeconomic development, particularly in bridging the rural-urban digital gap. Governments, such as Malaysia, employ ICT strategies to uplift rural communities and enhance communication and access to services. ICTs not only improve living standards in rural areas but also facilitate market access and reduce transaction costs for impoverished farmers and traders, revitalising local economies.
Malaysia ranks 43rd out of 134 countries and eighth in the Asia Pacific region on the 2023 Network Readiness Index. Internet usage is widespread, with 97.56 per cent of households connected, 96.7 per cent of individuals using the internet, and 78.5 per cent engaging in social media, particularly prevalent in urban areas. Disparities exist in fixed-line broadband access, with 53.3 per cent of urban households and 23.7 per cent of rural households having connectivity in 2022.
Technology plays a pivotal role in addressing poverty and achieving sustainable development goals in Asia-Pacific. Firstly, technological advancements have significantly improved living standards, including nutrition and healthcare, benefiting millions. Secondly, digital platforms provide access to job opportunities and training, enhancing employability for those in poverty. Thirdly, technology enables access to banking services, promoting economic stability and financial inclusion, particularly through mobile banking.
Additionally, smart city technology and digital infrastructure enhance efficiency and connectivity, improving the quality of life globally. Moreover, technology aids in disaster planning and response, mitigating the impact of natural disasters on vulnerable communities through early warning systems and communication technologies.
To further progress, governments should prioritise improving the business environment through tax and regulatory reforms. Entrepreneurial skills, especially ICT proficiency in rural areas, should be cultivated through training programmes.
Ongoing assessment of broadband and network services is crucial, paving the way for integrated ICT interventions to drive sustainable rural growth and poverty reduction initiatives.
Dr Rulia Akhtar is a Research Fellow at the Ungku Aziz Centre for Development Studies (UAC), Universiti Malaya.
The views expressed here are the personal opinion of the writer and do not necessarily represent that of Twentytwo13.
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